It has regained interest in the late 2000s as its fibre is reported to be more environmentally friendly than synthetic fibres, and having valuable traits for paper industries. [6], Another practical application of Crotalaria juncea includes fuel. [8] Furthermore, Crotalaria juncea’s allelochemical effect may have practical applications for weed management.[8]. Woody stems remaining after fiber removal is used as fuel. Crotalaria juncea has many practical applications in the modern world. With the fibers a potting medium is manufactured. Names of Sunhemp in various languages of the world are also given. The leaves are spirally arranged, narrow, and simple. The bast fibre of a plant (Crotalaria Juncea) which is largely used for cord and rope making. Status As of 2005, Arkansas considered the genus Crotalaria as a noxious weed. Hemp is grown in countries like Canada, USA, France, Hungary, Belgium, Holland, Thailand, Austria, Italy, China, Philippine island, Russia, Mexico, Germany, West Indies and India. [10] The objective was to find the mixture between Crotalaria juncea and Napier grass that would yield the highest vegetable seedling production. 10% Spandex . Fibers are mainly suitable for cigarette paper because of the high cellulose and low ash content. Varieties of hemp, whose stems are used for fiber, bio-fuel, or other products, grow to 6-7 feet in height, providing the desired long fibers for industrial processing. Please … It is traditionally used as blood purifier, abortificient, astringent, demulcent, emetic, and purgative, in the treatment of anemia, impetigo, menorrhagia … [14] Excessive copper levels can ultimately result in depletion of necessary nutrients. Crotalaria juncea, known as brown hemp, Indian hemp, Madras hemp, or sunn hemp,[2][3] is a tropical Asian plant of the legume family (Fabaceae). 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It is also grown to suppress weeds, to prevent soil erosion and to reduce nematode numbers. However, a novel three-phase partitioning based extraction shows an oil yield of 37% in two hours at 37 degrees Celsius. Varieties such as Futura 75, Futura 77, and Fanola have had some validation for Nebraska conditions. Sunn Hemp is an erect, herbaceous annual shrub. Web. What is Sunn Hemp? Sunn hemp has shown great ability to increase soil organic matter and add nitrogen to the soil for use by subsequent plantings. For instance, soil fertility in Paraiba, Brazil is generally low. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); POLICY Hemp varieties should be certified as having <0.3% THC. Another effective approach in decreasing the levels of copper in Crotalaria juncea is with the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). List of various diseases cured by Sunhemp. The quality of hemp fibre depends greatly on whether the crop was grown primarily for textiles, or is dual-purpose. It is recorded in many countries across the African continent from the Atlantic coast to the Red Sea, from Tunisia to South Africa and in the Indian Ocean islands, Brown hemp, Bumpo, Ghore sun, Indian hemp, Janumu, Madras hemp, Oohawaimaton, San, Sana, Sanabu, Sanai, Sanal, Sann hemp, Sannai sunn, Sannappu, Saun, Senabina soppu, Shon, Shonpat, Sunn hemp, Tag, Tum-thang, Wuckoo nar, Benares hemp, Bengal hemp, Bombay hemp, Brown hemp, Jubbalpore hemp, Sun hemp, Sann hermp, sunn Crotalaria, Cascavelle, Cocosnut, Grand Sonnette, Grand Tcha-Tcha, Sonnette, Multipurpose,  short-day, annual, erect shrubby, tropical and subtropical legume, Scrub jungles, Dry deciduous forests, Sparse forests, along trails, Grows best on fairly light textured soil like sandy loam or loam of at least moderate fertility. It has also been grown in Brazil and Bangladesh as a soil-improving crop. Process optimization for the extraction of oil from Crotalaria juncea using three phase partitioning. Crotalaria juncea is identified as a plant that is an important summer cover crop in southeastern United States. It is now widely cultivated in the drier areas of the tropics and subtropics and in many temperate areas with a hot summer. The Many Uses of Sunn Hemp. The seed will germinate at soil temp of 48°F However, the plant grows much better as the soil temperatures and night temperatures are much warmer. It is particularly beneficial because of its resistance to root-knot nematodes and is also a soil improving crop via nitrogen fixation. Ovary is superior, 1-celled, style curved and small stigma. Leaves have been recorded as being eaten. However, the issues of relatively high moisture content of fibres, … Stipules are almost absent. A field allowed to grow until flowering may lose l… In addition, phytoremediation is effective in removal of copper, which has been identified as a metal strongly present in the soil of Crotalaria juncea. Skype: healthbenefit55. [15] There are, however, studies that have indicated that Crotalaria juncea has a high tolerance to copper concentrations in the soil and root systems which are beneficial traits for phytostabilization programs.[16]. The variety of cannabis cultivated for hemp fiber and hemp seeds has only small amounts of psychoactive THC relative to cannabis grown for the production of marijuana or hashish. Industrial Crops and Products, 71, 89-96. “Hemp” refers primarily to Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae), although the term has been applied to dozens of species representing at least 22 genera, often prominent fiber crops. Cornejo, Pablo, Sebastián Meier, Gilda Borie, Matthias C. Rillig, and Fernando Borie (2008) Glomalin-related Soil Protein in a Mediterranean Ecosystem Affected by a copper Smelter and Its Contribution to Cu and Zn Sequestration. Powdered seeds, mixed with oil are used to make the hair grow. Phytoremediation has been demonstrated to be effective as for correcting Crotalaria juncea found in soils contaminated with herbicides. Seeds of many Crotalaria species contain toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. [7] The current method of oil extraction is known as the soxhlet based extraction which has an oil yield of 13% in four hours at 37 degrees Celsius. It can also be used as a source of fibre, but has limited use as a forage crop. It is actually in the genus Crotalaria but it is not toxic to livestock like Crotalaria spectabilis. Pastattempts to develop strains from interspecific crosses among Crotalari… Base: 100% Polyester . Seeds are reported to contain trypsin inhibitors; they are said to be poisonous to cattle, and they can poison both horses and pigs. Disclaimer, e-mail: [email protected] Calyx c. 1.8–2.0 cm long, pubescent, teeth linear-lanceolate. Fruit c. 2.5–3.2 cm long, sessile, pubescent, 10–15-seeded. Chaudhary, B., Tripathi, M. K., Bhandari, H. R., Pandey, S. K., Meena, D. R., & Prajapati, S. P. (2015). Bark yields fiber used in making twine and cord, canvas and fishing nets, and paper and pulp. Souza LCF, Canteras FB, Moreira S (2014) Analyses of heavy metals in sewage and sludge from treatment of plants in the cities of Campinas and Jaguariuna, using synchrotron radiation total reflection X-rayfluorescence. Fiber Separation Once the stalks are retted, dried, and baled, they are brought to a central location for processing. Fertile flowers are followed by cylindrical hairy pod that is 3-6 cm long and 1-2 cm in diameter, short, velvety hairy and about 6–12-seeded. Sunn hemp, like hemp (Cannabis sativa), is mainly grown as a fibre crop that was much used in the traditional manufacture of ropes, strings, twines, floor mat, and fishing nets. USA: 1-855-801-9191; UK: +44-330-808-5516; India: +91-750-334-1387; Australia: 1-800-024-187; Skype: seo.corporation; Who we are. It is used for cordage, fishing nets, ropes, and more. It is used for cordage, fishing nets, ropes, and more. Traditional uses and benefits of Sun hemp Seeds are believed to purify the blood and are used in the treatment of impetigo and psoriasis. Gerhardt, Karen E., Xiao-Dong Huang, Bernard R. Glick, and Bruce M. Greenberg (2009) Phytoremediation and Rhizoremediation of Organic Soil Contaminants: Potential and Challenges. The fibre is obtained from the plant by retting in a similar way to flax. The strong bast fiber is used primarily for cordage, twine, fishing nets, cigarette paper, tissue paper, bags, sacks, canvas, soles of shoes and sandals. It is a good indicator plant for potassium and calcium deficiencies. Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients in Sunhemp. The method of phytoremediation functions effectively in decontamination and remediation by using microorganisms and plants to remove, transfer, stabilize, or destroy harmful elements. Crotalaria juncea or commonly known as Sun Hemp is an evergreen shrub that reaches up to 2.5 m in height and 2 m in width. Engineered With fusion / TECHNOLOGY. Sunn hemp can be grazed by cattle, goats, and sheep. Studies have also shown that phosphate and Rhizophagus clarus are capable in altering the physiological responses of Crotalaria juncea that is found in soil high in copper levels. [10] The various compounds that were observed include, 100% Crotalaria juncea, 66% Crotalaria juncea with 33% Napier, 33% Crotalaria juncea with 66% Napier, 100% of Napier, 33% Crotalaria juncea with 66% Napier where 5% of the mass is cattle manure, Crotalaria juncea 33% with 66% Napier which includes 100 liters of 5% dilute Agrobio (biofertilizer), and finally, 100% Napier which also includes 100 liters of 5% dilute Abrobio. Cultivated soil high in copper levels has proven to be effective in increasing the growth of Crotalaria juncea. Avoid use during Pregnant and Breast feeding. It has regained interest in the late 2000s as its fibre is reported to be more environmentally friendly than synthetic fibres and having valuable traits for paper industries. Seeds are fed to horses in the Soviet Union and to pigs in Zimbabwe. Start grazing when plants are one and a half to three feet tall, approximately 45 days after planting. The allelopathic effects of Crotalaria juncea on weeds, vegetable crops, and cover crops were observed via greenhouse and growth chamber experiments. [8] Crotalaria juncea, reduced both the germination and seedlings of various crop species (bell pepper, tomato, onion, and others). How to grow Sunn Hemp By Wayne Smith Agronomic Acumen Sunn Hemp is Crotalaria juncea, one of the fastest growing legumes known. The properties of hemp fibres were found to be good enough to be used as reinforcement in composite materials. [17] Phosphate uptake is significantly improved in the presence of AMF, which functions to effectively reduce the amount of available heavy metals. It has a long tap root and a thick, fibrous stem approximately 1 to 2 inches in diameter. [11] A highly applicable method of soil remediation known as phytoremediation has been specifically shown to be effective as when used in soils contaminated with heavy metals. [10], Although reported to contain antinutritional factors such as alkaloids, sunn hemp is grown for fodder to feed cattle, mainly in India.[2]. After measuring the amounts of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in the soils, it was discovered that Crotalaria juncea along with only half the usual dose of goat manure produced the best results. According to Purseglove (1968) and Dempsey (1975), most of the sunn hempcultivars have originated from selection of improved types suited to specificlocalities, rather than by breeding procedures. Additionally, other research also observed Crotalaria juncea’s potential in being used as an organic compost. It can reach 6 to 10 feet tall, depending on … Sunn hemp is an interesting option for livestock warm season annual grazing. The leaves are of high quality (see Table 1), but the stems are of much lower quality (8-10% crude protein, 75% neutral detergent fiber, 65% acid detergent fiber). Other products include carpets, webbing, table and bed linen. This is mostly due to the palatability, digestibility and alkaloid toxicity of the crop. In fact, a process optimization method for the extraction of oil from Crotalaria juncea is being researched in order to utilize the fuel value in Crotalaria juncea. 70(4):737-744. Sunn Hemp Production Guide. The Sunnhemp Research Station of Uttar Pradesh further researched Crotalaria juncea ’s genotypic impact on fibre yield. Sunn hemp is also being looked at as a possible bio-fuel. The seeds are believed to purify the blood and are used in the treatment of impetigo and psoriasis. [7] Furthermore, the optimization factors that were identified include ammonium sulphate and butanol, pH, and temperature, and these factors impact the oil yield. Sunn hemp is also being looked at as a possible bio-fuel. [7], Furthermore, Crotalaria juncea has applications in the agricultural field since it impacts common food production. The study of these properties is vital for comparison with similar properties of synthetic fibres and for assessing hemp fibres’ suitability for use as reinforcement in composite materials. It is often planted for increasing soil organic matter to over-farmed soils, for loosening subsoil, to reduce soil erosion, conserve soil water and recycle plant nutrients. Sunn hemp is originally from India and has been grown since the dawn of agriculture. This nutrient deficiency occurs when the interactions of copper with sulfhydryl groups of enzymes and proteins inhibit enzyme activity or result in changes in the structure or replacement of key elements. Sunn definition, a tall East Indian shrub, Crotalaria juncea, of the legume family, having slender branches and yellow flowers, and an inner bark that yields a hemplike fiber used for … Privacy Policy Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 31(1), 51-61. The allelochemical activity in Crotalaria juncea was in the leaves and remained active for 16 days after harvest. [9] Field and greenhouse experiments were used to test this hypothesis. Root is used for colic and as astringent in epistaxis. [14] The structures of chloroplasts have been affected by the excess of copper, which ultimately resulted in decreased pigmentation levels of Crotalaria juncea. Seeds are used in the production of an adhesive for plywood and as a coffee-substitute. According to the USDA NRCS Plant Guide, sunn hemp originated in India where it has been grown since the dawn of agriculture. Stem is up to 2 cm in diameter, cylindrical and ribbed with short appressed hairs. It has been utilized as a green manure, livestock feed, and as a non-wood fiber crop. [6] This genotype can even be used as a template for future breeding. Horticultura Brasileira, 25(3), 392-395. The leaves are 25-30 percent CP, with TDN of 65-71 percent. 95:342-345. The short fibers (tow) are used for manufacturing insulation products, fiber board and erosion control mats. Because of this, it has the potential to build organic matter levels and sequester carbon. Chem. Ciscato, R. Valcke, K. van Loven, H. Clijsters, F. Navari-Izzo (1997) Effects of in vivo copper treatment on the photosynthetic apparatus of two Triticum durumcultivars with different stress sensitivity. It has a strong taproot and the roots have root nodules. Trichodesmine is the principal toxic alkaloid in Crotalaria juncea. No Dry Cleaning. Four different genotypes of Crotalaria juncea were observed for three years to determine which genotype would yield in a high fibre yield. Reverse trends observed in OF subplots in 2010 could be because of the use of sunn hemp strictly as surface mulch. Also, as a … Sunn Hemp is a tropical legume. The number of seeds/kg is highly variable, ranging from 18,000 to 35,000. First, it is a source of natural fibre. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea). Vexillum ovate-oblong, slightly exserted. Sunn hemp has been used extensively as a soil improvement or green manure crop in the tropics because of its ability to produce large amounts of biomass in as little as 60 to 90 days. In India traditionally it is used for making ropes, twines, net, … Seeds are believed to purify the blood and are used in the treatment of impetigo and psoriasis. Keel is 17–22 mm long, with a long, slightly incurved twisted beak; stamens 10, all joined in a sheath open at base. Sunn hemp is not related to industrial hemp or marijuana. The pea-shaped flowers are yellow in colour. [4] It can be an invasive weed and has been listed as a noxious weed in some jurisdictions. When the application of phosphate is coupled with the inoculation of Rhizophagus clarus, the result is a synergistic effect that allows copper toxicity levels to be reduced through various mechanisms. Fibres obtained from sunnhemp are dull white in colour, having high tensile strength. Since that time the use of sunn hemp in the US was almost unheard of. It also grow well on clay soils and will tolerate low fertility providing that soils are well-drained, Well developed, long, strong taproot with  lateral roots, and much branched and lobed nodules, up to 2.5 cm in length, Up to 2 cm in diameter, cylindrical and ribbed with short appressed hairs, Simple, elliptic to oblong, 2.5-10.5 cm long, and 6–20 mm broad, linear or oblong, obtuse or sub-acute, apiculate, pubescent on both sides, hairs appressed, silky, Bisexual, zygomorphic, 5-merous; calyx 1.5–2 cm long, covered in short brown hairs with some longer ones interspersed, lobes 3–4 times as long as the tube, cylindrical hairy pod 3-6 cm long and 1-2 cm in diameter, short, velvety hairy, 6–12-seeded, Small flattened, oblique, cordiform, 6-7 mm long, heart-shaped, grayish olive, dark grey or dark brown to black and loosened in the pod at maturity, Spermatophytina  (spermatophytes, seed plants, phanérogames). [9] In other words, Crotalaria juncea was able to improve the overall nutrient mineralization pattern for agricultural crops. The stems are much lower quality at 8-10 … Dual purpose crops produce fiber and seed; with the seed being used for food, biofuels and other applications. The term “Hemp” is often incorrectly used in a generic sense for fibers from different plants eg; Manila “Hemp”, Sisal “Hemp”, Sunn “Hemp” etc. Flowering normally takes place from May to September. It is of better quality than jute, lighter in colour and greater strength and… [12] Crotalaria juncea found in soils contaminated with herbicides revealed high phytoremediation capacity. (2015). No Bleach. Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar, Carlos Alberto Ceretta, Hilda Hildebrand Soriani, Tadeu Luiz Tiecher, Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa Soares, Liana Veronica Rossato, Fernando Teixeira Nicoloso, Gustavo Brunetto, Juçara Terezinha Paranhos, and Pablo Cornejo (2015) Rhizophagus Clarus and Phosphate Alter the Physiological Responses of Crotalaria Juncea Cultivated in Soil with a High Cu Level. Allelopathic effects of sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) on germination of vegetables and weeds. [17] Phosphate has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing the level of toxicity in Crotalaria juncea, resulting in promotion of plant growth. It has been utilized as a green manure, livestock feed and as a non-wood fiber crop. Sunn hemp growing in a field. Organic fertilization of potato with manure and, or, Crotalaria juncea: II-soil N, P, and K availability throughout the growing season. We have found that it is an acquired taste but high in crude protein (CP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN). There are several methods that have been shown to be effective as in decontamination and remediation of contaminated soils. The genus name Crotalaria means rattle and is indicative of the noise made by the seeds shaken in the mature pods. Petiole c. 1.2–2.5 mm long; stipules almost absent. https://web.archive.org/web/20110721163337/http://assamagribusiness.nic.in/Sunnhemp.pdf, http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/GBASE/data/pf000475.htm, Crotalaria Juncea - Sunn Hemp - Grass Seed (PDF papers), Crotalaria Juncea - Sunn Hemp - Basic Information Paper, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crotalaria_juncea&oldid=976730158, Articles needing additional references from January 2017, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 September 2020, at 17:10. It is a suitable indigenous raw material for manufacturing high quality tissue paper, cigarette paper and paper for currency. Corolla is bright yellow; with elliptical standard faintly reddish marked or tinged wings a little shorter than keel. [17] This ultimately allows for the increased growth of Crotalaria juncea in spite of having been cultivated in high levels of copper. Hemp fibers are also used in automobile industry for reinforcing molded thermoplastics. S unnhemp or Sanai is an important bast fibre and green manuring crop of India. Sunn hemp has bright green, simple leaves that are 3 to 5 inches long, approximately 1-inch wide, and are arranged in a spiral around the stem. Leal, M. A. D. A., Guerra, J. G. M., Peixoto, R. T., & de Almeida, D. L. (2007). Journal of Plant Physiology 165.3: 278-88. The plant grows best on fairly light textured soil like sandy loam or loam of at least moderate fertility. Seeds are small flattened, oblique, cordiform, 6-7 mm long, heart-shaped, grayish olive, dark grey or dark brown to black and loosened in the pod at maturity. The fibre is made into cordage, fishing nets, sacking fabrics, canvas, and rug yarns and is used to manufacture such paper products as cigarette and tissue papers. Bragantia. Along with bamboo, hemp is one of the fastest growing plants on Earth. It can be used to make a wide range of products. © 2020 Healthbenefitstimes. It has been grown as a green manure, livestock feed for forage, hay, and for non-wood fiber. The plant is considered as a source of green manure, fodder and lignified fiber obtained from its stem. It is traditionally used as blood purifier, abortificient, astringent, demulcent, emetic, and purgative, in the treatment of anemia, impetigo, menorrhagia and psoriasis. The l… Heuzé V., Thiollet H., Tran G., Lebas F., 2018. The Sunnhemp Research Station of Uttar Pradesh further researched Crotalaria juncea’s genotypic impact on fibre yield. Researchers in Brazil looked into the best composition of organic compost using various combinations of Crotalaria juncea and Napier grass. Hemp, cannabis plant cultivated for its useful bast fiber and nutritious edible seeds. Leaves are simple, about 2.5-10.5 cm long, and 6–20 mm broad, linear or oblong, obtuse or sub-acute, apiculate, pubescent on both sides, hairs appressed and silky. [18] The symbioses with AMF and soil supplementation of phosphate allows for the promotion growth of Crotalaria juncea. Care Instructions: Wash Cold. Skinner, E. M., Díaz-Pérez, J. C., Phatak, S. C., Schomberg, H. H., & Vencill, W. (2012). The fruit is a pod that is covered with soft hairs, short, inflated and light yellow in colour. [9] This is because soils that consisted of this composition avoided immobilization of nitrogen while increasing the levels of phosphorus and potassium within the soil. Kabała, Katarzyna, Małgorzata Janicka-Russak, Marek Burzyński, and Grażyna Kłobus (2008) Comparison of Heavy Metal Effect on the Proton Pumps of Plasma Membrane and Tonoplast in Cucumber Root Cells. It is primarily used as a cover crop or as green manuring to improve the nitrogen status of the soil. Sunn hemp is a multipurpose, short-day, annual, erect shrubby, tropical and subtropical legume that grows about 1 to 4 m tall. Valuable, high quality, strong fiber is extracted from the stems and bark. About Us. Sunn Hemp Shows Promise as Biofuel Source. It is a member of the legume family. Leaf simple, c. 2.5v10.5 cm long, c. 6–20 mm broad, linear or oblong, obtuse or subacute, apiculate, pubescent on both sides, hairs appressed, silky. Most hemp fiber currently used in textiles is water retted in China or Hungary. Utilization of organic compost as substrate for vegetable seedling production. Out of the four genotypes, namely SUIN-029, SUIN-080, SUIN-037, and SUIN-043, SUIN-029 was superior in resulting in a high fibre yield. HortScience, 47(1), 138-142. It is a branched, erect, herbaceous shrubby annual growing 3 to 9 feet high with bright green … In order to maintain forage quality, maximizing the leaf-to-stem ratio is important. Because it grows well in low fertility situations and low pH, hunters have used it for wildlife food plots. Scientists speculate that improved microorganisms or direct use of enzymes may allow countries in Europe and North America to produce textile-quality bast fibers. Infusion of bitter leaves are used externally and internally for gastric and bilious fevers accompanied by skin diseases like impetigo and psoriasis. A crop grown specifically for fibre will generally produce a higher quality product than a dual-use crop. The fibrous core can be blended with lime to make strong and lightweight concrete. It is a summer legume crop with a well-developed taproot system. Inflorescence an erect terminal and lateral raceme, up to 30 cm long, 12–20-flowered. Evaluation of sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea) genotypes for high fibre yield. Sunn Hemp should not be confused with the Industrial Hemp Crop that the University of Florida is currently researching. Hemp, or industrial hemp, is a variety of the Cannabis sativa plant species that is grown specifically for industrial use. It can be an invasive weed and has been listed as a noxious weed in some jurisdictions. They are green when young turning to light brown as they matures. However, the stems provide the fiber needed for proper rumen function. About Us. May–September. Silva, T. O. D., & Menezes, R. S. C. (2007). How Sunhemp is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Leaf-stalk is about 1.2-2.5 mm long. This paper presents the results of the experiments undertaken to evaluate various physical and mechanical properties of hemp fibres. Crotalaria juncea holds a relatively high fuel value. It is generally considered to have originated in India. Crotalaria juncea is the fastest growing and most important species of the Crotalaria genus. [10] The compost with 66% Crotalaria juncea and 33% Napier grass was superior to other combinations since this particular combination yielded the greatest production of lettuce, beet, and tomato seedlings. The species name juncea was given to this plant by Linnaeus because of its resemblance to Spartium junceaum L., the Spanish broom of the Mediterranean region with its green rush like, scantily-leaved branches. Bract minute; bracteoles 2, below the calyx. Zancheta ACF , Abreu CA, Zambrosi FCB, Erismann NM. Sunn hemp originated in India where it has been grown since the dawn of agriculture. Anytime after the last frost will work but … It was also one of the first plants to be spun into usable fiber 50,000 years ago. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 85(6). Hemp fiber has become an eco-friendly replacement of synthetic fibers. Fiber possesses properties that make it an excellent choice for papermaking. In India, it is used for anemia, impetigo, menorrhagia, psoriasis. [9] However, researchers in Brazil hypothesized that planting and incorporating Crotalaria juncea with animal manure could enhance the nutrient mineralization pattern for agricultural crops.