[36] To achieve "zero hunger", need to regulate the fishing policy and control overfishing. Sustainable Development Goal 14: Life Below Water. A., Kenny, T.-A., McOwen, C. J., Asch, R., Geffert, J. L., Wabnitz, C. C. C., Sumaila, R., Hanich, Q., & Ota, Y. BioScience, 68(5), 359–370. [43] The way to best safeguard life in oceans is to implement effective management strategies around marine environments. Most SDG 14 targets are not measurable in quantitative terms because the data is not available yet; only target 14.5 is quantifiable. [2], Climate action (SDG 13) is used as a way of protecting the world's oceans. Sustainable Development Goal 14 Life Below Water Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. Addressing Criticisms of Large-Scale Marine Protected Areas. [26], The WWF estimates that the global losses of illegal fishing cost up to $36.4 billion each year. (2019). Goal 14: Life Below Water . United Nations (2015) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform", The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2018, Global Marine Governance and Oceans Management for the Achievement of SDG 14, "Addressing Uncertainty in Marine Resource Management; Combining Community Engagement and Tracking Technology to Characterize Human Behavior", Issue Paper: A preliminary assessment of indicators for SDG 14 on “Oceans”, "Goal 14: Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform", "Goal 14: Life below Water - SDG Tracker", "Ocean acidification | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", SDG 14: Life Below Water. “Without concerted efforts, coastal eutrophication is expected to increase in 20 per cent of large marine ecosystems by 2050.”[10], Characterized by extinctions, invasions, hybridizations and reductions in the abundance of species, marine biodiversity is currently in global decline. Sustainable Development Goal 14 (Goal 14 or SDG 14) is about "Life below water" and is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations in 2015. Rivalries between neighboring countries relates to border disputes surrounding assignment of the LSMPAs. https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/space4sdgs/sdg14.html Goal 14: Life Below Water. The World Trade Organization is dedicated to implementing Target 6 of SDG 14 ("End subsidies contributing to overfishing") and discontinue fishery subsidies. [32] The resource management challenge relates to inadequate monitoring and enforcement of the conservation and protection measures. [26], The full title of Target 14.7 is: "By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing states and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism".[1]. No data is available for this indicator yet. is the "number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea". A full 30 percent of marine habitats have been destroyed, and 30 percent of the world's fish stocks are over-exploited. Progress towards each target is being measured with one indicator each. [3] They are essential for making the planet livable. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development 18. Goal 14: Life Below Water. van Putten, I. E., Plagányi, É. E., Booth, K., Cvitanovic, C., Kelly, R., Punt, A. E., & Richards, S. A. 14 This target has one indicator: Indicator 14.c.1. A major portion of its natural world will be significantly safeguarded to encourage sustainable development and fight climate change. [41], As conservation of marine resources is critical to the well-being of local fishing communities and their livelihoods, related management actions may lead to changes in human behavior to support conservation programs to achieve their goals. [20], The full title of Target 14.4 is: "By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics".[1]. It has been found that 95 percent of fulmars in Norway have plastic parts in their guts. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform", Understanding and measuring the contribution of aquaculture and fisheries to gross domestic product (GDP), "14.7.1 Value added of sustainable fisheries| Sustainable Development Goals| Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations", "The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2020", "FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture - Small-scale fisheries", "Planning for the Implementation of SDG-14", https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.11.030, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103699, "Climate Action is Needed to Protect World's Oceans | UNFCCC", Changing Ocean, Marine Ecosystems, and Dependent Communities, Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.05.030, "Ocean Climate Action Making Waves | UNFCCC", "Land and Sustainable Development Goals | UNCCD", https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.07.012, "Kenya plastic bag ban comes into force after years of delays", "You will no longer carry plastic bags in Tanzania with effect", https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/14_Why-It-Matters-2020.pdf, One Planet One Ocean course by SDG Academy, (9) Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, (12) Responsible Consumption and Production, (16) Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions, List of Sustainable Development Goal targets and indicators, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sustainable_Development_Goal_14&oldid=998102904, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with incomplete citations from February 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 3 January 2021, at 20:52. [5], The outcome document of the UN Summit on the 2030 Agenda: "Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development", includes an emphasis "to protect the planet from degradation, including sustainable consumption and production, sustainably managing its natural resources and taking urgent action on climate change, so that it can support the needs of the present and future generations."[6]. The amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the ocean also increases. [13] “The sustainable management of our oceans relies on the ability to influence and guide human use of the marine environment.”[14]. Overexploited fish stocks are unsustainable. 14. [12] Poor decisions in resource management can compromise conservation, local livelihood, and resource sustainability goals. Area expansion versus effective and equitable management in international marine protected areas goals and targets. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the ocean's pH today is 8.1. Kairo, J. Arístegui, V.A. An annual report is prepared by the Secretary-General of the United Nations evaluating the progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. Increased ocean temperatures and oxygen loss act concurrently with ocean acidification and constitute the "deadly trio" of climate change pressures on the marine environment. 14 Sustainable Development Goal 14 Life Below Water Conserve ... We remain convinced that the 2030 Global Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 SDGs are an excellent instrument that can help Kazakhstan to effectively achieve its development aspirations as articulated in Strategy 2050 and the subsequent reform agenda. Keeping beaches and ocean water clean in less developed countries can attract tourism, as stated in Goal 8, and reduce poverty by providing more employment. Karim, L. Levin, S. O’Donoghue, S.R. In December 2016, the US government officially established the Seafood Import Monitoring Program to address illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing products entering the market. 14. The world’s oceans – their temperature, chemistry, currents and life – drive global systems that make the Earth habitable for humankind. The official wording is to "Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development". 14. Also, strict agreements between countries are required since marine ecosystems cross national boundaries. Life Below Water Sustainable Development Goal 14 Life Below Water Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. [25], The full title of Target 14.6 is: "By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation". [7][9] Some targets have a target year of 2020, some have a target year of 2025 and some have no end year. The ocean is essential to life as we know it. However, there has been a 26 percent increase in acidification since the industrial revolution. [1]. [1]. Goal 14 Targets. 14 Life Below Water Sustainable Development Goal 14 Life Below Water Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. [4], The Preparatory Meeting to the UN Ocean Conference convened in New York, US, in February 2017, to discuss the implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14. International law, as reflected in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), stressed the need to include governance instruments to consider “anthropogenic activities taking place outside of the ocean”. 0.0/5. The increasingly adverse impacts of climate change (including ocean acidification), overfishing and marine pollution are jeopardizing recent gains … The setting of protective areas can have negative effects on local fisheries and people's incomes. How we manage this vital resource is essential for humanity as a whole, and to counterbalance the effects of climate change. Human activities have led to increased levels of atmospheric CO2. Ecological Modelling, 385, 165–172. These concerns cover three dimensions: resource management, conflicts between rival countries, and tradeoffs between people's needs and the environment. © 2021 United Nations Development Programme, By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution, By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans, Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels, By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics, By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information, By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation, By 2030, increase the economic benefits to Small Island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism, Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries, Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets, Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in UNCLOS, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of The Future We Want. , H. & Leung, P.S and environmental needs climate action ( 13! 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